Finals Persons and Family Relations

Card 11. Delegation

AnswerThe temporary entrusting of physical care of a child that does not normally transfer underlying parental authority.

Card 12. Reglementary Period

AnswerA mandatory statutory time limit within which a specific legal action must be instituted.

Card 13. Article 170 Statutory Periods

AnswerThe reglementary periods for a husband to impugn legitimacy based on his residence: one year if residing in the city or municipality of birth, two years elsewhere in the Philippines, and three years if residing abroad.

Card 14. Article 218 Special Parental Authority

AnswerThe statutory provision granting special parental authority to schools, teachers, and child-care institutions while the child is under their supervision.

Card 15. DNA Testing as Scientific Proof of Non-Paternity

AnswerAn authoritative scientific method recognized by the Supreme Court under Article 166(2) for proving non-paternity and determining filiation.

Card 16. Emancipation

AnswerThe event or legal process that terminates parental authority over the person and property of a minor child.

Card 17. Deprivation

AnswerThe permanent removal of parental authority due to serious misconduct or abuse.

Card 18. Filiation

AnswerThe legal and biological relationship existing between a parent and a child.

Card 19. Legitimacy

AnswerThe formal legal status conferred upon a child conceived or born during a valid marriage.

Card 20. DNA Testing for Filiation Determination

AnswerAn authoritative scientific method recognized by the Supreme Court for determining paternity or filiation when appropriate biological samples are available.

Card 21. Solidary Liability

AnswerAn obligation where multiple parties are independently and jointly liable for the full amount of a debt or damages.

Card 22. Absolute Community Property

AnswerThe regime where all the property owned by the spouses at the time of the celebration of the marriage or acquired thereafter belongs to the spouses in common.

Card 23. Conjugal Partnership of Gains

AnswerThe regime where the husband and wife place in a common fund the proceeds, products, fruits, and revenues from their separate properties and those acquired by either or both through their efforts or by chance.

Card 24. Abandonment (in Property Relations)

AnswerOccurs when a spouse leaves the conjugal dwelling without intent to return or remains absent for at least three months without providing whereabouts.

Card 25. Article 221 of the Family Code

AnswerStatutory provision establishing that parents are liable for damages caused by their unemancipated children living in their company and under their parental authority.

Card 26. Absolute Physical Impossibility

AnswerA standard requiring total factual incapacity to engage in sexual intercourse, exceeding mere medical risk or difficulty.

Card 27. Discernment

AnswerThe mental capacity of a minor to understand the difference between right and wrong and the consequences of one's unlawful act.

Card 28. Intervention

AnswerA series of programs and activities designed to address issues that caused a child to commit an offense under juvenile justice laws.

Card 29. Article 164 of the Family Code

AnswerEstablishes that children conceived or born during a marriage are legitimate.

Card 30. Article 210 of the Family Code

AnswerProhibits parents from simply renouncing parental authority because their children engage in criminal activity.

Card 31. Section 6 of Republic Act No. 9344

AnswerStates that a child fifteen years old or below is exempt from criminal liability but subject to intervention.

Card 32. Article 211 of the Family Code

AnswerMandates that the father and mother jointly exercise parental authority over their common children.

Card 33. Article 220 of the Family Code

AnswerEntitles parents to keep their unemancipated children in their company.

Card 34. Article 217 of the Family Code

AnswerApplies substitute parental authority to foundlings, abandoned, neglected, abused, and similarly situated children.

Card 35. Article 228 of the Family Code

AnswerGoverns the permanent termination of parental authority upon the death of the parent, death of the child, or emancipation of the child.

Card 36. Article 229 of the Family Code

AnswerProvides that parental authority terminates upon adoption, appointment of a general guardian, judicial declaration of abandonment, final judgment divesting authority, or judicial declaration of absence.

Card 37. Article 2180 of the Civil Code

AnswerHolds the father, or in his absence or incapacity the mother, responsible for damages caused by minor children living in their company.

Card 38. Article 2184 of the Civil Code

AnswerImposes independent solidary liability on a vehicle owner if they were inside the vehicle and could have prevented an accident through due diligence.

Card 39. Article 166(1)(c) of the Family Code

AnswerAllows legitimacy to be impugned if the serious illness of the husband absolutely prevented sexual intercourse during the first 120 days of the 300 days preceding birth.

Card 40. Article 232 of the Family Code

AnswerMandates permanent deprivation of parental authority for persons who subject a child to sexual abuse or allow it.

Card 41. Article 212 of the Family Code

AnswerGoverns the surviving parent's continued authority upon the absence or death of the other parent.